Deepti Sharma, M P Thakur and Anil S Kotasthane
Survey, Collection, Isolation and Characterization of Ganoderma spp. from Chhattisgarh.
Chhattisgarh state of India is rich in mushroom with high diversity which is still to be conserved and identified. Ganoderma is a forest mushroom and several species of Ganoderma are still unidentified and unexplored. Tribal people of this state use these mushrooms as medicine for healing wounds and pain since centuries. Present paper is an attempt to collect Ganoderma from different districts of Chhattisgarh state, isolate them and characterize them on the basis of their morphological characters and by using biotechnological tools. Eleven surveys were conducted at Ambikapur, Raipur and Jagdalpur districts of Chhattisgarh for the collection of different species of Ganoderma. The morphological characters of these species were noted and were deposited in the National Repository of the country with code numbers allotted to them. Genomic DNA was extracted following standard methods and RAPD analysis was done to characterize different isolates of Ganoderma spp. These studies were undertaken in three Agro-climatic Zones of Chhattisgarh state represented by three important districts i.e. Raipur district from Chhattisgarh Plain, Ambikapur from Northern Hilly Region and Jagdalpur from Bastar Plateau (known for mega diversity in the country and abroad). During survey, 21 specimens were collected, 11 specimen in 2004, 8 specimen in 2005 and 2 specimen in 2006. Of the 21 specimens, six were identified as Ganoderma lucidum, two as G. applanatum, two as G. tsuage and 11 specimen as Ganoderma spp. based on their morphological characters. Out of these, 6 specimens were deposited at National Research Centre for Mushroom Solan (H.P.) as pure cultures and were also subjected to molecular characterization using RAPD method. RAPD analysis generated 40 bands with 9 random primers. Dendrogram indicates that there was a major cluster consisting of 4 out of 6 isolates whereas two isolates were found to be different from rest of the isolates. The cluster A and Cluster B consisted of 2 and 4 isolates respectively. The 2 isolates (A,B) in cluster A showed similarity at 0.80 (80%) similarity coefficient. The cluster B showed sub clustering near the 0.8625 similarity level. Among 6 isolates, one isolate designed as A-GR/L/04/1 collected from Raipur district was further studied in detail for production of mycelial biomass and fruiting body production. It performed excellently well than other isolates and can be industrially exploited for medicinal use...
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